Croton californicus

Müller Arg. in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle

Prodr. 15(2): 691. 1866.

Common names: California croton
Basionym: Hendecandra procumbens Eschscholtz Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Pétersbourg Hist. Acad. 10: 287. 1826
Synonyms: C. californicus var. longipes (M. E. Jones) A. M. Ferguson C. californicus var. mohavensis A. M. Ferguson C. californicus var. tenuis (S. Watson) A. M. Ferguson C. longipes M. E. Jones C. mohavensis (A. M. Ferguson) Tidestrom C. tenuis S. Watson
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 211. Mentioned on page 208, 209, 224.

Subshrubs or shrubs, 4–11 dm, dioecious. Stems loosely branched, stellate-lepidote. Leaves not clustered; stipules absent; petiole 1–3.5 (–4.5) cm, usually less than 1/2 blade length, glands absent at apex; blade elliptic to narrowly oblong, 2–5.5 (–7) × 0.8–2 (–2.5) cm, usually more than 2 times as long as wide, base obtuse, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded, abaxial surface light green, adaxial surface darker green, both stellate-lepidote. Inflorescences unisexual, racemes or thyrses; staminate 0.5–3.5 (–10) cm, flowers 3–8 (–20); pistillate 0.5–1 cm, flowers 1–6. Pedicels: staminate 1–5.5 (–7) mm, pistillate to 1 mm (1–3 mm in fruit). Staminate flowers: sepals 5, 1 mm, abaxial surface stellate-lepidote; petals 0; stamens 10–15. Pistillate flowers: sepals 5, equal, 2 mm, margins entire, apex incurved, abaxial surface stellate-lepidote; petals 0; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 2–2.5 mm, 4-fid, terminal segments usually 12. Capsules 6–8 × 5–7 mm, smooth; columella 3-winged. Seeds 4–5.5 × 3.5–5.5 mm, dull. 2n = 28.


Phenology: Flowering Feb–Oct.
Habitat: Sandy soils, sage scrub, dunes, washes.
Elevation: 0–900 m.

Distribution

V12 308-distribution-map.jpg

Ariz., Calif., Nev., Utah, Mexico (Baja California), Mexico (Sinaloa)

Discussion

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"connate" is not a number. "distinct" is not a number.

... more about "Croton californicus"
stellate-lepidote +
stellate-lepidote +
obtuse;rounded +
Benjamin W. van Ee +  and Paul E. Berry +
Müller Arg. in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle +
Hendecandra procumbens +
5.5 cm55 mm <br />0.055 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (5.5 cm55 mm <br />0.055 m <br />) +
elliptic;narrowly oblong +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
California croton +
Ariz. +, Calif. +, Nev. +, Utah +, Mexico (Baja California) +  and Mexico (Sinaloa) +
0–900 m. +
pistillate +  and staminate +
subtending +
Sandy soils, sage scrub, dunes, washes. +
scale-like +  and stellate +
axillary +  and terminal +
palmate +  and pinnate +
colorless +  and reddish +
deciduous +, semideciduous +  and persistent +
palmate +  and pinnate +
denticulate +  and crenate +
extrastaminal +
pistillate +  and staminate +
0.55 cm5.5 mm <br />0.0055 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
pale green +  and white +
list;count;distinct +
3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br /> (4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br />) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br />) +
Flowering Feb–Oct. +
(1-)3-carpellate +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.55 cm5.5 mm <br />0.0055 m <br />) +
lenticular +, globose +, ovoid +, oblong +  and ellipsoid +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.55 cm5.5 mm <br />0.0055 m <br />) +
valvate +  and imbricate +
distinct +  and connate +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
stellate-lepidote +
caducous +, deciduous +  and persistent +
connate +  and distinct +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (?) +
C. californicus var. longipes +, C. californicus var. mohavensis +, C. californicus var. tenuis +, C. longipes +, C. mohavensis +  and C. tenuis +
Croton californicus +
species +
3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
perennial +  and annual +
shrub +  and subshrub +
14 +, 10 +, 9 +  and 8 +