Crataegus crus-galli

Linnaeus

Sp. Pl. 1: 476. 1753.

Common names: Cockspur hawthorn aubépine ergot-de-coq
Endemic
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 538. Mentioned on page 518, 535, 536, 537, 539, 540, 543, 547, 627, 636, 637, 638, 641.

Shrubs or trees, 50–100 dm, often with tabulate branching. Stems: twigs: new growth glabrous, 1-year old pale-brown, older gray; thorns on twigs often ± recurved, 2-years old dark gray to blackish, ± stout, 3–6 cm. Leaves: petiole obsolescent or 5 mm, length 0–7% blade, glabrous, eglandular; blade usually deep green, very shiny adaxially, broadly spatulate to narrowly oblanceolate or narrowly elliptic, 2–7 cm, coriaceous, base tapered, lobes 0, margins serrulate to finely crenate, teeth 1 mm, venation semicamptodromous, veins 4–7 per side, apex acute to obtuse, adaxial surface glabrous, sometimes sparsely hairy young, glabrescent. Inflorescences 8–20-flowered; branches usually glabrous; bracteoles linear, small, margins sessile-glandular. Flowers 12–17 mm diam.; hypanthium glabrous; sepals 5–6 mm, margins ± entire, adaxially glabrous; stamens 10 or 20, anthers ivory to pink to red; styles 1 or 2 (or 3). Pomes usually ruddy to crimson, sometimes bright-yellow, ± oblong to suborbicular, 8–15 mm diam., often pruinose, glabrous; sepals patent-reflexed; pyrenes 1 or 2 (or 3). 2n = 34, 51, 68.

Distribution

V9 905-distribution-map.jpg

Ont., Que., Ala., Ark., Conn., D.C., Del., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Mass., Md., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., N.C., N.J., N.Y., Ohio, Okla., Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Va., W.Va., Wis., in Europe

Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

Crataegus crus-galli is one of the more abundant North American hawthorns and has been reported as naturalized in Holland and other parts of Europe. It may occur in more or less pure stands sometimes many hectares in size. This species is variable, a situation attested to by its synonymy, most of which belongs to var. crus-galli. Some forms are locally distinct and may represent apomictic clones. In this treatment, only one variety other than var. crus-galli is recognized, this on the basis of leaf shape.

Selected References

None.

Key

1 Leaf blades: relatively wide (1.5:1–2.5:1). Crataegus crus-galli var. crus-galli
1 Leaf blades: extremely narrow (greater than 2.75:1). Crataegus crus-galli var. pyracanthifolia

"thin" is not a number."glabrous" is not a number."adnate" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Crataegus crus-galli"
68 +, 51 +  and 34 +
glabrescent +, hairy +  and glabrous +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
ivory +  and pink +
acute;obtuse +
James B. Phipps +
Linnaeus +
thin-exfoliating +  and corrugated +
compound +  and simple +
opposite +  and alternate +
tapered +
Crataegus sect. Crus-galli +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
broadly spatulate +  and narrowly oblanceolate or narrowly elliptic +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
coriaceous +
glandular-punctate +
adnate +  and distinct +
crowded +, scattered +  and alternate +
Cockspur hawthorn +  and aubépine ergot-de-coq +
Ont. +, Que. +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Conn. +, D.C. +, Del. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Mass. +, Md. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, N.C. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Va. +, W.Va. +, Wis. +  and in Europe +
not +  and aggregated +
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (1.7 cm17 mm <br />0.017 m <br />) +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
not +  and aggregated +
not +  and aggregated +
yellow +  and red or purplish +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
gray +  and pale-brown +
older +, old +  and new +
constricted +
crassinucellate +
deciduous +
craspedodromous +
serrulate +  and finely crenate +
inferior +  and superior +
biseriate +  and clustered +
collateral +  and basal +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
elliptic +  and circular +
0 (?) +  and 4 (?) +
pale paper brown +
free +  and distinct +
post-mature +
5 mm +  and obsolescent +
glabrescent +  and villous +
adnate +, free +, connate +  and distinct +
dark gray-brown +  and russet +
exfoliating +  and corrugated +
pruinose +
bright-yellow +, usually ruddy +  and crimson +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
less oblong +  and suborbicular +
not arillate +
persistent +
free +  and distinct +
patent-reflexed +
triangular +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
1-50-flowered +  and few-leaved +
free +  and distinct +
branched +  and simple +
persistent +
distinct +
exsert +  and lateral +
elongate +
hairy +  and glabrous +
Crataegus crus-galli +
Crataegus (sect. Coccineae) ser. Crus-galli +
species +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
dark gray +  and blackish +
straight +
reflexed +  and recurved +
medium +  and stout +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
craspedodromous +  and gland-tipped +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
inconspicuous +
less erect +  and oblique +
1 +  and several +
determinate +
4 (?) +  and 7 (?) +
tree +  and shrub +