Chorizanthe polygonoides var. polygonoides

Common names: Knotweed spineflower
Endemic
Synonyms: Acanthogonum polygonoides (Torrey & A. Gray) Goodman
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 466.

Plants generally greenish. Involucres 2–2.5 mm; prominent teeth with awns 1.5–2 mm. 2n = 40.


Phenology: Flowering Apr–Jun.
Habitat: Sandy to gravelly mostly volcanic soils, mixed grassland communities, oak-pine or montane conifer woodlands
Elevation: 100-1500 m

Discussion

Variety polygonoides occurs from Modoc County to Calaveras County in the Sierra Nevada, in the Sacramento Valley, and in the Coast Ranges from Lake County to Santa Barbara County. In San Luis Obispo and Monterey counties, knotweed spineflower is on sandstones or conglomerates rather than volcanic substrates. All populations are widely scattered and the plants are mostly rare to infrequent.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"longest" is not a number."/2" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

dark-brown;black +
3-gonous +
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br />) +
James L. Reveal +
Torrey & A. Gray +
alternating +
anterior +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
alternate +  and rosulate +
stipelike +
Undefined sect. Acanthogonum +
awn-tipped +  and simple +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
oblanceolate;elliptic +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
sessile +  and petiolate +
deciduous +
distinct +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
glandular +, woolly-floccose +, tomentose +, strigose +, villous +, hirsute +  and pubescent +
narrowly elliptic +  and linear-lanceolate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
disarticulating +, dichotomous +, branched +  and open +
erect +  and spreading +
just below the soil surface or and above the soil surface +  and spreading +
Knotweed spineflower +
100-1500 m +
curved +  and straight +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
white +  and pink or rose maroon or purple or yellow +
included +  and slightly exserted +
decumbent to erect +  and prostrate +
unwinged +  and winged +
black +, red +, brown +  and yellowish +
exserted +  and included +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
spheroidal +, 4-gonous +, lenticular +, biconvex +, discoid +, 3-gonous +  and 2-gonous +
Sandy to gravelly mostly volcanic soils, mixed grassland communities, oak-pine or montane conifer woodlands +
uniparous +, capitate +  and cymose +
reddish;greenish +
cymelike +, paniclelike +, racemelike +  and spikelike +
connate +  and free +
reddish +  and greenish +
campanulate +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
nonmembranous +
oblanceolate +  and elliptic or round +
in whorls +, opposite +, alternate +  and rosulate +
deciduous +  and persistent +
bractlike +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
lobed +, undulate +, crisped +, crenulate +  and entire +
scarious +  and membranous +
not swollen +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
orthotropous +
accrescent +
curved +  and straight +
erect to deflexed +
0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
cylindric +
accrescent +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br />) +
fleshy +, indurate +  and membranous +
with extrafloral nectaries +  and not articulate +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Flowering Apr–Jun. +
homostylous +  and 3-carpellate +
Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts +
, +  and solid +
slender;stout +
not disarticulating +
decumbent to erect +  and prostrate +
prostrate +  and erect +
penicillate +, fimbriate +  and capitate +
deciduous +  and persistent +
2-lobed +  and cylindric +
coriaceous +  and membranous +
consisting of a series +  and tubular +
distinct +
erect;spreading +
spreading;erect +
Acanthogonum polygonoides +
chambered +, , +  and solid +
slender +  and stout +
Chorizanthe polygonoides var. polygonoides +
Chorizanthe polygonoides +
variety +
emarginate +  and truncate +
obtuse +  and oblong +
coriaceous +
alternating +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
shallow +
erect +  and spreading +
unequal +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
persistent +
membranous +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
prostrate;spreading or erect +
3 +, 2 +  and 1 +