Chimaphila maculata

(Linnaeus) Pursh

Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 300. 1813 ,.

Common names: Striped prince’s-plume spotted wintergreen chimaphile maculée
Illustrated
Basionym: Pyrola maculata Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 396. 1753
Synonyms: Chimaphila maculata var. dasystemma (Torrey ex Rydberg) Kearney & Peebles
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 386.

Plants rhizomatous, 1–5.3 dm. Leaves: petiole 3–13 mm, terete or channeled adaxially, glabrous; blade maculate, dull and light green abaxially, shiny and green to dark green with white achlorophyllous tissue bordering larger veins adaxially, lanceolate or ovatelanceolate to oblong-lanceolate or ovate, 20–100 × 8–31 mm, base rounded to obtuse or acute, margins coarsely serrate, apex acute to acuminate. Inflorescences (1–) 2–5-flowered; peduncle 1 (–2) per stem, 4–19 cm, papillose to hispidulous; inflorescence bracts acicular to linear-lanceolate, free portions shorter than pedicels from which they arise, 4–6 × 0.4–0.6 mm, membranous, margins entire. Pedicels (4–) 8–25 mm. Flowers: calyx lobes spreading or reflexed in fruit, entirely greenish or margins whitish green, broadly ovate, 1.4–4.1 × 1.3–4.5 mm, margins erose-denticulate, apex rounded to obtuse; petals white or pink, often tinged violet, orbiculate, 6–12 × 4.5–8 mm, margins fimbriate to erose-denticulate; stamens 6–8 mm; filament base 1.2–1.6 mm wide, dilated basal portion densely villous; anthers 2–4 mm, thecae white to tan or pinkish, tubules tan to pinkish brown, 0.8–1.1 mm, abruptly narrowed from thecae, lateral walls not touching, pores 0.3–0.5 × 0.3–0.5 mm; ovary papillose in lines; style 0.5–1 mm; stigma 2–3.5 mm wide. Capsules depressed-globose, 5–10 × 5–10 mm. 2n = 26.


Phenology: Flowering May–Jul(-Aug).
Habitat: Coniferous, mixed, and deciduous forests, xeric sand communities
Elevation: 0-900 m

Distribution

V8 728-distribution-map.gif

Ont., Que., Ala., Ariz., Conn., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Ky., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Miss., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Vt., Va., W.Va., Mexico, Central America (Costa Rica), Central America (El Salvador), Central America (Guatemala), Central America (Honduras), Central America (Nicaragua), Central America (Panama), in Europe (France)

Discussion

Chimaphila maculata exhibits considerable morphologic variation, which does not appear to be correlated with geography.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Chimaphila maculata"
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
rounded +  and obtuse +
Craig C. Freeman +
(Linnaeus) Pursh +
rounded;obtuse or acute +
Pyrola maculata +
green +  and dark green +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
shiny +  and dull +
ovatelanceolate;oblong-lanceolate or ovate +
coriaceous +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (3.1 cm31 mm <br />0.031 m <br />) +
reflexed +  and spreading +
suborbiculate +  and ovate +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
depressed-globose +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
pseudoverticillate +, in basal rosettes +  and alternate +
Striped prince’s-plume +, spotted wintergreen +  and chimaphile maculée +
persistent +  and deciduous +
rotate to crateriform campanulate cylindric globose or urceolate +
rotate;crateriform or broadly crateriform +
Ont. +, Que. +, Ala. +, Ariz. +, Conn. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Ky. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Miss. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Vt. +, Va. +, W.Va. +, Mexico +, Central America (Costa Rica) +, Central America (El Salvador) +, Central America (Guatemala) +, Central America (Honduras) +, Central America (Nicaragua) +, Central America (Panama) +  and in Europe (France) +
0-900 m +
undifferentiated +
fusiform +
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> (0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br />) +
spreading +, nodding +  and erect +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
loculicidal +
Coniferous, mixed, and deciduous forests, xeric sand communities +
multicellular +
acicular +  and linear-lanceolate +
pseudoverticillate +  and alternate +
persistent +
scale-like +
reduced +
entire +  and serrate +
whitish green +
0.14 cm1.4 mm <br />0.0014 m <br /> (0.41 cm4.1 mm <br />0.0041 m <br />) +
fimbriate;erose-denticulate +
1.3mm;4.5mm +
parietal +, axile +  and placentation +
intruded-parietal +
papillose +
tenuinucellate +  and unitegmic +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (19 cm190 mm <br />0.19 m <br />) +
tinged violet;pink;white +
distinct +
6mm;12mm +
orbiculate +
reduced +
not sticky +
0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
channeled +  and terete +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br />) +
Flowering May–Jul(-Aug). +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
membranous +
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br />) +
Fl. Amer. Sept. +
tan;yellowish-brown or brown +
distinct +
fusiform +
Illustrated +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
hispidulous +  and glabrous +
papillose +
peltate +  and capitate +
5-ridged +  and entire +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
straight +
expanded +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
papillose +
Chimaphila maculata var. dasystemma +
Chimaphila maculata +
Chimaphila +
species +
white;tan or pinkish +
achlorophyllous +
narrowed +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> (0.11 cm1.1 mm <br />0.0011 m <br />) +
evergreen +, deciduous +  and perennial +