Caulanthus amplexicaulis

S. Watson

Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 17: 364. 1882.

Endemic
Synonyms: Caulanthus amplexicaulis var. barbarae (J. T. Howell) Munz Euklisia amplexicaulis Greene Pleiocardia magna (S. Watson) Jepson Streptanthus amplexicaulis Streptanthus amplexicaulis var. barbarae J. T. Howell
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 7. Treatment on page 679. Mentioned on page 678, 684.

Annuals; glabrous throughout. Stems erect, unbranched or branched distally, 0.4–11 dm. Basal leaves rosulate; petiole 0.5–3 cm; blade obovate to broadly oblanceolate, 1–7 cm × 5–37 mm, margins coarsely dentate. Cauline leaves (median) sessile; blade oblong to broadly ovate or obovate, 2–8 cm × 10–40 mm (smaller distally, base amplexicaul), margins coarsely dentate or entire. Racemes (lax), without a terminal cluster of sterile flowers. Fruiting pedicels divaricate to ascending, 2.5–19 mm. Flowers: sepals erect, (dark maroon-purple or ochroleucous to yellowish), ovate to ovatelanceolate, 4–9.2 × 2–4 mm (equal); petals (abaxial pair) usually stramineous to yellowish green, rarely pale-purple, (adaxial pair) purple, (slightly longer), 10–18 mm, blade 4–10 × 0.5–1.5mm, crisped, claw narrowly oblong-oblanceolate, 6–10 × 1–3 mm; filaments in 3 unequal pairs, abaxial pair 3–7 mm, lateral pair 1–5 mm, adaxial pair 4.5–9 mm; anthers oblong, unequal, 1–3.5 mm (adaxial pair smaller). Fruits divaricate to ascending (often distinctly curved), terete or slightly latiseptate, 4.5–14 (–16.7) cm × 1–1.5 mm; valves each with obscure midvein; ovules 40–92 per ovary; style 0–0.4 mm; stigma subentire. Seeds 1.4–2.2 × 0.9–1.2 mm. 2n = 28.


Phenology: Flowering Apr–Jul(-Aug).
Habitat: Chaparral, montane forests, serpentine areas, granitic and shale scree
Elevation: 800-2900 m

Discussion

Caulanthus amplexicaulis is known from Los Angeles, San Bernardino, Santa Barbara, and Ventura counties. The serpentine populations of Santa Barbara County have sepals that are ochroleucous to yellowish instead of the dark maroon ones found elsewhere in the species range. They were recognized by R. C. Rollins (1993) and R. E. Buck (1995) as var. barbarae. Both vars. barbarae and amplexicaulis form a distinct monophyletic clade but they are without reproductive barriers (A. E. Pepper and L. E. Norwood 2001). Some other species of Caulanthus show comparable or even greater variation in sepal color, and it might be more practical to treat var. barbarae as a color form.

Lower Taxa

None.

"elongated" is not a number."thick" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Caulanthus amplexicaulis"
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
unequal +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz +
S. Watson +
appendaged +  and unappendaged +
not +  and auriculate +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
pinnatifid +, lobed +, sinuate +  and dentate +
crisped;oblong;broadly ovate or obovate +
much smaller +  and reduced +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
urceolate +, campanulate +  and tubular +
branched +  and simple +
well-developed +
distinct +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
oblong-oblanceolate +
well-differentiated +
1mm;3mm +
emarginate +  and entire +
incumbent +  and accumbent +
obliquely +  and incumbent +
800-2900 m +
straight +  and curved +
not winged +  and unappendaged +
connate +  and distinct +
zygomorphic +  and actinomorphic +
14 cm140 mm <br />0.14 m <br /> (16.7 cm167 mm <br />0.167 m <br />) +
4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br /> (14 cm140 mm <br />0.14 m <br />) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
Chaparral, montane forests, serpentine areas, granitic and shale scree +
sessile +, subsessile +  and petiolate +
alternate +, not +  and rosulate +
cauline +  and basal +
connate +  and distinct +
decurrent +
entire +  and dentate +
lobed;dentate;lobed;dentate +
tenuinucellate +, crassinucellate +  and bitegmic +
campylotropous +  and anatropous +
unequal +
pale-purple +, usually stramineous +  and yellowish green +
rudimentary +
crisped +, channeled +, linear +  and oblanceolate +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
Flowering Apr–Jul(-Aug). +
trinucleate +  and 3(-11)-colpate +
Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts +
stout +  and slender +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (1.9 cm19 mm <br />0.019 m <br />) +
pepper2001a +
mucilaginous +
margined +  and winged +
aseriate +, uniseriate +  and biseriate +
not +  and mucilaginous +
white +, black +, brown +  and yellow +
0.14 cm1.4 mm <br />0.0014 m <br /> (0.22 cm2.2 mm <br />0.0022 m <br />) +
subglobose +, ovoid +, oblong +  and flattened +
0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
not basally +  and saccate +
persistent +  and caducous +
distinct +
ovate +  and ovatelanceolate +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
reduced +
latiseptate +, schizocarpic +, samaroid +  and lomentaceous +
indehiscent +  and dehiscent +
angustiseptate +, flat +, angled +, terete +, torulose +, not +, segmented +  and nutletlike +
tetradynamous +
unequal +
branched +  and unbranched +
procumbent +  and decumbent +
not +  and capitate +
subentire +
subsessile +, sessile +  and petiolate +
persistent +
distinct +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br />) +
Caulanthus amplexicaulis var. barbarae +, Euklisia amplexicaulis +, Pleiocardia magna +, Streptanthus amplexicaulis +  and Streptanthus amplexicaulis var. barbarae +
Caulanthus amplexicaulis +
Caulanthus +
species +
coiled +, 1-7-veined +  and veined +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
anastomosing +
perennial +, biennial +  and annual +
subshrub +  and shrub +
aquatics +  and terrestrial +
glabrous +  and pubescent +