Carex vulpinoidea

Michaux

Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 169. 1803.

Common names: Carex vulpinoïde
Illustrated
Synonyms: Carex microsperma Wahlenberg Carex multiflora Willdenow Carex multiflora var. microsperma (Wahlenberg) Dewey Carex scabrior Dewey Carex setacea Carex vulpinoidea var. microsperma (Wahlenberg) Dewey Carex vulpinoidea var. pycnocephala F. J. Hermann Carex vulpinoidea var. scabrior (Dewey) Alph. Wood Carex vulpinoidea var. segregata Farwell Carex vulpinoidea var. setacea (Dewey) Kükenthal
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 283. Mentioned on page 280, 282, 284, 285.

Culms to 100 cm × 2 mm, scabrous. Leaves: sheath fronts spotted redbrown or pale-brown, apex truncate or short-convex, membranous or hyaline, rugose; ligule retuse or rounded, to 2 mm, free limb to 0.2 mm; blades 120 cm × 5 mm, longer than flowering-stem. Inflorescences spicate, (3–) 7–10 cm × 15 mm, with 10–15 branches, the proximal branches distinctly separate; the proximal internode to 25 mm; bracts setaceous, those subtending at least the proximal lateral branches conspicuous. Scales pale-brown, hyaline, awn to 3 mm. Perigynia green to pale-brown, veinless on both faces or 3-veined abaxially, body ovate or elliptic, 2–3.2 × 1.3–1.8 mm, base obtuse; beak 0.8–1.2 mm, 1/3–1/2 length of perigynium. Achenes redbrown, ovate, 1.2–1.4 × 1 mm, glossy. 2n = 52.


Phenology: Fruiting Jul–Aug.
Habitat: Seasonally saturated or inundated soils in open habitats, wet meadows, marshes, roadside ditches
Elevation: 0–1800 m

Distribution

V23 479-distribution-map.jpg

St. Pierre and Miquelon, Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr., N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Ala., Ariz., Ark., Calif., Colo., Conn., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Nebr., N.H., N.J., N.Mex., N.Y., N.C., N.Dak., Ohio, Okla., Oreg., Pa., R.I., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Tex., Vt., Va., Wash., W.Va., Wis., Wyo., Mexico (Sonora), to Europe, New Zealand

Discussion

Carex vulpinoidea is widely distributed in North America and frequently grows as a weed in wet roadside ditches and fields. It is quite variable, particularly in the degree to which the spongy tissue lateral to the achene is developed. The development of that tissue determines the shape of the perigynium and the degree to which the perigynium appears to contract into the achene, as discussed by F. M. B. Boott (1858–1867). The flowering stems shorter than the leaves, the pale brown, elliptic perigynia, and the preference for moist substrates of C. vulpinoidea readily distinguish it from C. annectens.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"shortened" is not a number.

... more about "Carex vulpinoidea"
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> (0.14 cm1.4 mm <br />0.0014 m <br />) +
smaller +
short-convex;truncate +
membranous +
Lisa A. Standley +
Michaux +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Carex subsect. Multiflorae +
bidentate +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
120 cm1,200 mm <br />1.2 m <br /> (?) +
v--shaped +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (?) +
elliptic +  and ovate +
glumaceous +  and foliaceous +
2-ranked +  and arranged +
ascending +  and appressed +
setaceous +
parallel +  and divergent +
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
Carex vulpinoïde +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br />) +
round +  and trigonous +
St. Pierre and Miquelon +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. +, N.S. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Ala. +, Ariz. +, Ark. +, Calif. +, Colo. +, Conn. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Idaho +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, Nebr. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Mex. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, N.Dak. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Oreg. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Vt. +, Va. +, Wash. +, W.Va. +, Wis. +, Wyo. +, Mexico (Sonora) +, to Europe +  and New Zealand +
0–1800 m +
hypogynous +  and subtending +
biconvex +  and trigonous +
Seasonally saturated or inundated soils in open habitats, wet meadows, marshes, roadside ditches +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (?) +
multi-ranked +, 2-ranked +, 3-ranked +  and alternate +
basal +  and cauline +
rounded +  and retuse +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
with (1-)3-6(-30) bristles and/or scales +
green +  and pale-brown +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.32 cm3.2 mm <br />0.0032 m <br />) +
spreading +  and ascending +
0.13 cm1.3 mm <br />0.0013 m <br /> (0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br />) +
Fruiting Jul–Aug. +
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
Fl. Bor.-Amer. +
adventitious +
hyaline +  and pale-brown +
basal +  and proximal +
2-keeled +
cylindric +
Illustrated +
sessile +  and pistillate +
1 +  and 3 +
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
papillate +
deciduous +
2-3(-4)-fid +
Carex microsperma +, Carex multiflora +, Carex multiflora var. microsperma +, Carex scabrior +, Carex setacea +, Carex vulpinoidea var. microsperma +, Carex vulpinoidea var. pycnocephala +, Carex vulpinoidea var. scabrior +, Carex vulpinoidea var. segregata +  and Carex vulpinoidea var. setacea +
Carex vulpinoidea +
Carex sect. Multiflorae +
species +
plant +  and cespitose +