Carex sect. Hallerianae

(Ascherson & Graebner) Rouy in G. Rouy et al.

in G. Rouy et al., Fl. France 13: 439. 1912.

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23.

Plants densely to loosely cespitose, short-rhizomatous. Culms brown or red or purple-brown at base, sometimes fibrous. Leaves: sheath fronts membranous; blades V-shaped or M-shaped in cross-section when young, proximal leaf-blade usually with 2 lateral-veins more prominent than midvein on adaxial side, papillose or hairy. Inflorescences racemose, with 2–6 spikes; proximal nonbasal bracts with well-developed blades, sheathless or sheath less than 5 mm; lateral spikes pistillate, sometimes basal, pedunculate, prophyllate; terminal spike staminate, rarely gynecandrous. Proximal pistillate scales hyaline, green, or brown, 3–7-veined, apex subobtuse to acuminate, sometimes awned. Perigynia ascending, 12–30-veined with 2, strong marginal veins, stipitate, obovate or ovate, trigonous in cross-section, less than 10 mm, base ± tapering, usually with spongy tissue, apex abruptly contracted or tapering to beak, hairy at least distally; beak straight or bent, to 0.6 mm, emarginate. Stigmas 3. Achenes trigonous, usually nearly as large as bodies of perigynia; style deciduous.

Distribution

s North America to Central America (e Guatemala), s Europe, sw Asia, n Africa

Discussion

Species 5 or more (4 in the flora).

Selected References

None.

Key

1 Perigynia 3–4.5 mm, proximal shorter than subtending scales; culms often with basal spikes. > 2
1 Perigynia 4–6 mm, all exceeding subtending scales; culms without basal spikes. > 3
2 Faces of perigynia with veins less than 0.1 mm wide, most distinctly narrower than marginal veins; perigynium beak straight or slightly bent; achenes obtuse to truncate at apex. Carex planostachys
2 Faces of perigynia with most veins ca. 0.1 mm wide or wider, about as wide as marginal veins; perigynium beak mostly abruptly bent; achenes retuse at apex. Carex lativena
3 Achenes 3–3.5 × 1.9–2 mm, almost filling bodies of perigynia; hairs on distal part of perigynium short, not exceeding 0.2 mm. Carex tenax
3 Achenes 2.5–2.6 × 1.3–1.7 mm, filling only distal 1/2 of bodies of perigynia; hairs on distal part of perigynium long, many exceeding 0.3 mm. Carex dasycarpa

"shortened" is not a number.

... more about "Carex sect. Hallerianae"
trigonous +
tapering;subobtuse;acuminate +
Peter W. Ball +
(Ascherson & Graebner) Rouy in G. Rouy et al. +
tapering +
straight +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br />) +
well-developed +
m--shaped +  and v--shaped +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
glumaceous +  and foliaceous +
2-ranked +  and arranged +
ascending +  and appressed +
scale-like +  and leaflike +
parallel +  and divergent +
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
purple-brown +, red +  and brown +
round +  and trigonous +
s North America to Central America (e Guatemala) +, s Europe +, sw Asia +  and n Africa +
open +, pistillate +  and staminate +
hypogynous +  and subtending +
biconvex +  and trigonous +
prophyllate +, pedunculate +  and pistillate +
multi-ranked +, 2-ranked +, 3-ranked +  and alternate +
basal +  and cauline +
with (1-)3-6(-30) bristles and/or scales +
stipitate +  and 12-30-veined +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
in G. Rouy et al., Fl. France +
adventitious +
3-7-veined +  and pistillate +
brown +, green +  and hyaline +
basal +  and proximal +
2-keeled +
cylindric +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
papillate +
deciduous +
2-3(-4)-fid +
Carex sect. Hallerianae +
section +
plant +  and cespitose +