Carex recta

Boott in W. J. Hooker

in W. J. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 219, plate 222. 1839.

Common names: Carex dressé
Illustrated
Synonyms: Carex kattegatensis Fries ex Lindman Carex salina var. kattegatensis (Fries ex Lindmann) S. O. I. Almquist Carex ×saxenii var. ferruginea E. Lepage
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 385. Mentioned on page 380, 382, 383, 384.

Plants not cespitose. Culms obtusely or acutely angled, 25–80 cm, glabrous. Leaves: basal sheaths redbrown or brown; sheaths of proximal leaves smooth, fronts lacking spots and veins, apex U-shaped; blades usually amphistomic, 2.5–5 mm wide, papillose or glabrous. Inflorescences: peduncle of proximal spike 0.6–2 cm; proximal bract equal to or longer than inflorescence, 3–5 mm wide. Spikes erect or the proximal pendent; proximal 3–5 spikes pistillate, 3–5.5 cm × 2–6 mm, base cuneate or attenuate; terminal 1–3 staminate. Pistillate scales brown to reddish-brown, 2.8–5.5 × 0.9–1.4 mm (including awn), narrower than perigynia, midvein reaching apex, 1/3–1/2 the width of the scale, apex acuminate, aristate, awn glabrous or scabrous. Perigynia ascending, pale-brown, 0–4-veined on each face, somewhat inflated, loosely enclosing achenes, ellipsoid, 1.9–3.1 × 1.2–2 mm, dull, base with stipe to 0.3 mm, apex acute, short-papillose; beak slightly conic to cylindric, 0.2–0.3 × 0.2–0.3 mm, entire. Achenes strongly constricted on 1 face, sometimes on 1 margins, apex rounded to truncate, sometimes glossy; style base strongly bent, rarely straight. 2n = 73, 75, 76.


Phenology: Fruiting Jul–Aug.
Habitat: Saline, brackish shores, swales, intertidal marshes, river estuaries
Elevation: 0–10 m

Distribution

V23 680-distribution-map.jpg

St. Pierre and Miquelon, Man., Nfld. and Labr., N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Maine, Mass., N.H., Europe

Discussion

Carex recta is a common, stabilized hybrid or backcross between C. aquatilis and C. paleacea (J. Cayouette and P. Morisset 1985, 1986; L. A. Standley 1990), which does not occur outside of the common range of the two parents. Plants of the northernmost latitudes tend to have darker scales. Previous reports from Maine (mostly), New Hampshire, and Massachusetts of C. recta, C. salina, and C. salina var. cuspidata are based on plants of C. vacillans or hybrids of C. paleacea.

The voucher of the chromosome number report of 2n = ca. 70 (R. J. Moore and J. A. Calder 1964) for Carex recta from Prince Edward Island is C. paleacea × C. stricta. Backcrosses of C. recta with its parents, known as C. ×grantii Ar. Bennett, are frequent in Newfoundland and Labrador, northern Ontario, eastern to northwestern Quebec, and northwestern Europe. Reports from elsewhere were based on misidentifications of C. paleacea × C. recta. Other accepted hybrids of C. recta are crosses of C. recta with C. salina and C. subspathacea. A specimen intermediate between C. recta and C. stricta is known from northwestern Quebec. Other reports of C. recta hybrids are misidentifications: C. miliaris × C. recta (= C. ×nubens E. Lepage) and C. recta × C. aquatilis subsp. minor are C. aquatilis × C. recta; Carex nigra × C. recta (= C. ×super-goodenoughii (Kükenthal) E. Lepage) is C. vacillans.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"shortened" is not a number.No values specified.

... more about "Carex recta"
76 +, 75 +  and 73 +
biconvex +
constricted +
short-papillose +
rounded;truncate +
acuminate +
Lisa A. Standley +, Jacques Cayouette +  and Leo Bruederle +
Boott in W. J. Hooker +
scabrous +  and glabrous +
not +  and fibrous +
attenuate +  and cuneate +
bidentate +  and emarginate +
slightly conic +  and cylindric +
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br />) +
papillose +
m--shaped +  and v--shaped +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
glumaceous +  and foliaceous +
2-ranked +  and arranged +
ascending +  and appressed +
scale-like +  and leaflike +
parallel +  and divergent +
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
Carex dressé +
redbrown +  and brown +
25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br /> (80 cm800 mm <br />0.8 m <br />) +
prophyllate +, subsessile +, pedunculate +  and staminate +
St. Pierre and Miquelon +, Man. +, Nfld. and Labr. +, N.S. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Maine +, Mass. +, N.H. +  and Europe +
0–10 m +
open +, pistillate +  and staminate +
hypogynous +  and subtending +
biconvex +  and trigonous +
Saline, brackish shores, swales, intertidal marshes, river estuaries +
multi-ranked +, 2-ranked +, 3-ranked +  and alternate +
basal +  and cauline +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
with (1-)3-6(-30) bristles and/or scales +
0.19 cm1.9 mm <br />0.0019 m <br /> (0.31 cm3.1 mm <br />0.0031 m <br />) +
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
Fruiting Jul–Aug. +
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
short-sheathing +, sheathless +  and leaflike +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
in W. J. Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Amer. +
adventitious +
brown +  and reddish-brown +
basal +  and proximal +
2-keeled +
ladder-fibrillose +  and veined +
cylindric +
Illustrated +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (5.5 cm55 mm <br />0.055 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
papillate +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (?) +
deciduous +
2-3(-4)-fid +
Carex kattegatensis +, Carex salina var. kattegatensis +  and Carex ×saxenii var. ferruginea +
Carex recta +
Carex sect. Phacocystis +
species +
, +  and staminate +
plant +  and not cespitose +