Carex pensylvanica

Lamarck in J. Lamarck et al.

in J. Lamarck et al., Encyl. 3: 388. 1792.

Common names: Carex de Pennsylvanie
IllustratedEndemic
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 544. Mentioned on page 532, 534, 545, 554.

Plants loosely cespitose; rhizomes horizontally spreading, reddish-brown to dark-brown, (10–) 40–100 mm, slender. Culms 10–45 cm, smooth to weakly scabrous distally; bases (remnants of old leaves) slightly fibrous. Leaf-blades green, 0.5–3.6 mm wide, herbaceous, papillose to scabrous abaxially, papillose to scabrous adaxially, blades of distal cauline leaves well developed. Inflorescences usually with both staminate and pistillate spikes; peduncles of staminate spikes 0.1–7.5 mm; proximal cauline bracts leaflike, usually shorter than inflorescences. Spikes: proximal pistillate spikes 1–3 (–4) (basal spikes 0, rarely 1); cauline spikes overlapping or separated, with (3–) 4–13 perigynia; staminate spikes 8–24 × 1.3–4 mm. Scales: pistillate scales dark reddish-brown, with narrow white margins, ovate, 2–4 × 1.3–2.8 mm, equaling perigynium body, apex obtuse or acute to acuminate; staminate scales elliptic to ovate, 2.9–5.3 × 1.1–1.9 mm, apex obtuse or acute to acuminate. Anthers 1.8–4 mm. Perigynia pale green, veinless, obovoid, 2.2–3.4 × 1.1–1.5 (–1.7) mm; beak straight, pale green, 0.5–0.9 mm, weakly ciliate-serrulate, apical teeth 0.1–0.4 mm. Stigmas 3. Achenes dark-brown, obovoid, obtusely trigonous in cross-section, 1.3–2.3 × 0.9–1.4 (–1.6) mm. 2n = 36.


Phenology: Fruiting early May–late Jul.
Habitat: Well-drained, acidic but cation-rich, sandy, rocky, and loamy soils under hardwood forest canopies, forest edges, savannas, “balds” and in rocky or sandy openings
Elevation: 150–1500 m

Distribution

V23 1030-distribution-map.jpg

Man., Ont., Que., Ark., Conn., Del., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Ky., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Mo., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., R.I., S.Dak., Tenn., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis.

Discussion

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"shortened" is not a number.

... more about "Carex pensylvanica"
0.14 cm1.4 mm <br />0.0014 m <br /> (0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br />) +
0.13 cm1.3 mm <br />0.0013 m <br /> (0.23 cm2.3 mm <br />0.0023 m <br />) +
trigonous;obovoid +
0.9mm;1.4mm +
0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
beaked +, awned +  and cuspidate +
glabrous +  and pubescent +
acute;acuminate +
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br />) +
William J. Crins +  and Jeff H. Rettig +
Lamarck in J. Lamarck et al. +
rounded +  and tapering +
ciliate-serrulate +
straight +
bidentate +  and bent +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br />) +
v--shaped +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
glumaceous +  and foliaceous +
2-ranked +  and arranged +
ascending +  and appressed +
scale-like +  and leaflike +
parallel +  and divergent +
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
separated +  and overlapping +
Carex de Pennsylvanie +
brown +  and red +
scabrous +  and smooth to weakly +
round +  and trigonous +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (45 cm450 mm <br />0.45 m <br />) +
Man. +, Ont. +, Que. +, Ark. +, Conn. +, Del. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Ky. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Mo. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Vt. +, Va. +, W.Va. +  and Wis. +
150–1500 m +
open +, pistillate +  and staminate +
hypogynous +  and subtending +
biconvex +  and trigonous +
Well-drained, acidic but cation-rich, sandy, rocky, and loamy soils under hardwood forest canopies, forest edges, savannas, “balds” and in rocky or sandy openings +
prophyllate +, pedunculate +, staminate +, , +  and pistillate +
papillose;scabrous abaxially +
0.5mm;3.6mm +
multi-ranked +, 2-ranked +, 3-ranked +  and alternate +
basal +  and cauline +
with (1-)3-6(-30) bristles and/or scales +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br />) +
0.22 cm2.2 mm <br />0.0022 m <br /> (0.34 cm3.4 mm <br />0.0034 m <br />) +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
0.11 cm1.1 mm <br />0.0011 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
Fruiting early May–late Jul. +
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
scale-like +  and filiform +
in J. Lamarck et al., Encyl. +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
reddish-brown +  and dark-brown +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
adventitious +
staminate +  and pistillate +
dark reddish-brown +
basal +  and proximal +
elliptic;ovate +
0.11 cm1.1 mm <br />0.0011 m <br /> (0.19 cm1.9 mm <br />0.0019 m <br />) +
cylindric +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
staminate +  and pistillate +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2.4 cm24 mm <br />0.024 m <br />) +
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.75 cm7.5 mm <br />0.0075 m <br />) +
0.13 cm1.3 mm <br />0.0013 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
papillate +
deciduous +
2-3(-4)-fid +
Carex sect. Montanae +
Carex pensylvanica +
Carex sect. Acrocystis +
species +
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
stoloniferous +  and rhizomatous +
plant +  and cespitose +