Carex hitchcockiana

Dewey

Amer. J. Sci. Arts 10: 274, plate E, fig. 17. 1826.

Common names: Carex de Hitchcock
IllustratedEndemic
Synonyms: Carex oligocarpa var. hitchcockiana (Dewey) Kükenthal
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Mentioned on page 452.

Plants densely cespitose; rhizome internodes 1.8–2.5 mm thick. Culms yellowbrown to dark-brown at base, 15–60 cm. Leaves: sheaths hispidulous; blades green, widest blades (3–) 3.4–5.4 (–6.5) mm wide, glabrous abaxially or sparsely hispidulous on midrib. Inflorescences 0.19–0.48 of culm height; peduncles of lateral spikes smooth or barely scaberulous; peduncles of terminal spikes (4.2–) 7.5–37 (–43) mm, much exceeding lateral spikes; proximal bract with sheath tight, abaxially scabrous, sheath front apex convex, elongated (0.6–) 1.6–4.9 (–6.6) mm beyond apex; ligules 3.3–5 mm; distal bract usually much exceeding terminal spike. Spikes 3–5, separate or distal 2–4 spikes overlapping; lateral spikes pistillate, with 2–7 perigynia, 6–29 × 3.8–6.8 mm, ratio of spike length (in mm) to flower number = 3.5–4.8; longest terminal spikes 14–34 (–42) × 1.3–3 (–3.5) mm. Pistillate scales (4.1–) 5.6–9.4 (–11.6) × 1.6–2.6 (–3.3) mm, margins whitish, denticulate, apex with awn 1.1–6.8 mm. Staminate scales 5.2–6.9 × 1.5–1.7 mm. Anthers 3.4–4.2 mm. Perigynia distichously imbricate, 52–59-veined, unwrinkled, obovoid or narrowly obovoid, obtusely triangular in cross-section, (4.5–) 4.6–5.6 (–6.2) × 1.9–2.2 (–2.3) mm, (2.1–) 2.3–2.8 (–3) times as long as wide, dull, base gradually tapered, apex abruptly contracted; beak excurved, (0.5–) 0.8–1.3 mm. Achenes obovoidellipsoid, 3.2–3.9 (–4.2) × (1.6–) 1.8–2.1 mm, tightly enveloped by perigynia; stipe bent 45–70°, 0.4–0.6 mm; beak bent more than 90°, 0.3–0.5 mm.


Phenology: Fruiting spring–summer.
Habitat: Mesic, usually rocky, deciduous forests, usually with highly diverse vascular plant communities, often in calcium-rich loams on slopes above streams
Elevation: 60–800 m

Distribution

V23 830-distribution-map.jpg

Ont., Que., Ala., Ark., Conn., D.C., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Mo., N.J., N.Y., Ohio, Okla., Pa., Tenn., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis.

Discussion

Carex hitchcockiana is infrequent and local. It often grows with C. albursina, C. jamesii, and C. oligocarpa.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"shortened" is not a number.

... more about "Carex hitchcockiana"
0.39 cm3.9 mm <br />0.0039 m <br /> (0.42 cm4.2 mm <br />0.0042 m <br />) +
0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br /> (0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br />) +
0.32 cm3.2 mm <br />0.0032 m <br /> (0.39 cm3.9 mm <br />0.0039 m <br />) +
trigonous +
smaller +
1.8mm;2.1mm +
0.34 cm3.4 mm <br />0.0034 m <br /> (0.42 cm4.2 mm <br />0.0042 m <br />) +
tapering;rounded +
Robert F. C. Naczi +  and Charles T. Bryson +
0.11 cm1.1 mm <br />0.0011 m <br /> (0.68 cm6.8 mm <br />0.0068 m <br />) +
tapered +
Griseae +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br />) +
straight +
bent +  and excurved +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
m--shaped +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
glumaceous +  and foliaceous +
2-ranked +  and arranged +
ascending +  and appressed +
scale-like +  and leaflike +
parallel +  and divergent +
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
Carex de Hitchcock +
0.56 cm5.6 mm <br />0.0056 m <br /> (0.62 cm6.2 mm <br />0.0062 m <br />) +
0.22 cm2.2 mm <br />0.0022 m <br /> (0.23 cm2.3 mm <br />0.0023 m <br />) +
0.46 cm4.6 mm <br />0.0046 m <br /> (0.56 cm5.6 mm <br />0.0056 m <br />) +
0.19 cm1.9 mm <br />0.0019 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.22 cm2.2 mm <br />0.0022 m <br /> (?) +
yellowbrown +  and dark-brown +
round +  and trigonous +
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br />) +
Ont. +, Que. +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Conn. +, D.C. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Mo. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Pa. +, Tenn. +, Vt. +, Va. +, W.Va. +  and Wis. +
60–800 m +
open +, pistillate +  and staminate +
hypogynous +  and subtending +
0.49 cm4.9 mm <br />0.0049 m <br /> (0.66 cm6.6 mm <br />0.0066 m <br />) +
0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br /> (0.49 cm4.9 mm <br />0.0049 m <br />) +
biconvex +  and trigonous +
Mesic, usually rocky, deciduous forests, usually with highly diverse vascular plant communities, often in calcium-rich loams on slopes above streams +
0.19 +  and 0.48 +
multi-ranked +, 2-ranked +, 3-ranked +  and alternate +
basal +  and cauline +
0.33 cm3.3 mm <br />0.0033 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
3.4 cm34 mm <br />0.034 m <br /> (4.2 cm42 mm <br />0.042 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br /> (3.4 cm34 mm <br />0.034 m <br />) +
0.13 cm1.3 mm <br />0.0013 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
denticulate +
with (1-)3-6(-30) bristles and/or scales +
yellowbrown +  and dark-brown +
(2.1-)2.3-2.8(-3) +
0.38 cm3.8 mm <br />0.0038 m <br /> (0.68 cm6.8 mm <br />0.0068 m <br />) +
Fruiting spring–summer. +
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
Amer. J. Sci. Arts +
0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
adventitious +
staminate +  and pistillate +
0.94 cm9.4 mm <br />0.0094 m <br /> (1.16 cm11.6 mm <br />0.0116 m <br />) +
0.26 cm2.6 mm <br />0.0026 m <br /> (0.33 cm3.3 mm <br />0.0033 m <br />) +
basal +  and proximal +
2-keeled +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br />) +
hispidulous +
cylindric +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
overlapping +
3.7 cm37 mm <br />0.037 m <br /> (4.3 cm43 mm <br />0.043 m <br />) +
0.75 cm7.5 mm <br />0.0075 m <br /> (3.7 cm37 mm <br />0.037 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
papillate +
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br /> (?) +
deciduous +
2-3(-4)-fid +
Carex oligocarpa var. hitchcockiana +
Carex hitchcockiana +
Carex sect. Griseae +
species +
plant +  and cespitose +
hispidulous +  and glabrous +
3.4mm +  and 5.4mm +