Carex aquatilis var. dives

(Holm) Kükenthal in H. G. A. Engler

in H. G. A. Engler, Pflanzenr. 28[IV,20]: 311. 1909.

IllustratedEndemic
Basionym: Carex dives T. Holm Amer. J. Sci. 167: 312, figs. 8, 9. 1904
Synonyms: Carex howellii L. H. Bailey Carex panda C. B. Clarke Carex sitchensis Prescott ex Bongard
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 398. Mentioned on page 397.

Culms 35–150 cm, angles scabrous. Leaves: basal sheaths leafless, usually redbrown; blades epistomic, 5–18 mm wide, adaxially papillose. Inflorescences: peduncle of proximal spike to 11 cm; proximal bract longer than inflorescence, 3–10 mm wide. Spikes pendent or the terminal usually erect; proximal 3–6 spikes pistillate, 4.5–11.5 cm × 4–7 mm, base attenuate; terminal 2–4 spikes staminate. Pistillate scales redbrown or purple-brown. Perigynia pale-brown, ellipsoid, 1.9–3.5 × 1–1.2 mm, apex acute or obtuse; beak purple-brown, 0.3–0.4 mm, papery. 2n = 72, 74, 78, 80.


Phenology: Fruiting Jul–Aug.
Habitat: Marshes, shallow water along shores
Elevation: 0–900 m

Distribution

V23 711-distribution-map.jpg

B.C., Alaska, Calif., Mont., Oreg., Wash.

Discussion

Carex aquatilis var. dives is the most robust variety of C. aquatilis and the only member to have pendent spikes, ellipsoid perigynia, and epistomic leaves. Carex aquatilis var. dives intergrades with var. aquatilis and does not appear to be distinct at the specific level. It may hybridize with C. lyngbyei.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"shortened" is not a number.

80 +, 78 +, 74 +  and 72 +
biconvex +
not constricted +
papillose +
obtuse;acute +
Lisa A. Standley +, Jacques Cayouette +  and Leo Bruederle +
(Holm) Kükenthal in H. G. A. Engler +
not +  and fibrous +
attenuate +
Carex dives +
bidentate +  and emarginate +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br />) +
papillose +
m--shaped +  and v--shaped +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
glumaceous +  and foliaceous +
2-ranked +  and arranged +
ascending +  and appressed +
scale-like +  and leaflike +
parallel +  and divergent +
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
redbrown +  and brown +
round +  and trigonous +
35 cm350 mm <br />0.35 m <br /> (150 cm1,500 mm <br />1.5 m <br />) +
prophyllate +, subsessile +, pedunculate +  and staminate +
B.C. +, Alaska +, Calif. +, Mont. +, Oreg. +  and Wash. +
0–900 m +
open +, pistillate +  and staminate +
hypogynous +  and subtending +
biconvex +  and trigonous +
Marshes, shallow water along shores +
multi-ranked +, 2-ranked +, 3-ranked +  and alternate +
basal +  and cauline +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (11 cm110 mm <br />0.11 m <br />) +
with (1-)3-6(-30) bristles and/or scales +
0.19 cm1.9 mm <br />0.0019 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
Fruiting Jul–Aug. +
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
short-sheathing +, sheathless +  and leaflike +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
in H. G. A. Engler, Pflanzenr. +
adventitious +
purple-brown +  and redbrown +
basal +  and proximal +
2-keeled +
ladder-fibrillose +  and veined +
cylindric +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
staminate +  and pistillate +
4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br /> (11.5 cm115 mm <br />0.115 m <br />) +
erect +  and pendent +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
indistinct +
1 +  and 3 +
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
papillate +
deciduous +
2-3(-4)-fid +
Carex howellii +, Carex panda +  and Carex sitchensis +
Carex aquatilis var. dives +
Carex aquatilis +
variety +
, +  and staminate +
plant +  and not cespitose +