Calopogon tuberosus var. tuberosus

Common names: Calopogon tubéreux
Illustrated
Synonyms: Calopogon pulchellus (Salisbury) R. Brown Calopogon pulchellus var. latifolius (H. St. John) B. Boivin Calopogon tuberosus var. latifolius Nieuwland Cathea pulchella (Salisbury) Swartz Cathea tuberosa (Linnaeus) Kuntze Cymbidium pulchellum Lamarck Helleborine tuberosa Salisbury Limodorum barbatum Linnaeus Limodorum pulchellum Limodorum tuberosum var. nanum
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 600. Mentioned on page 601.

Plants 4–110 (–135) cm. Corms globose to elongate, 8–31 mm. Leaves: blade slightly curled transversely, linear, lanceolate, or seldom elliptic-lanceolate, 3–50 cm × 2–35 (–50) mm. Inflorescences green or slightly purple at base, becoming entirely green after flowering, 4–110 (–135) cm; floral bracts ovate to ovatelanceolate, subulate, 3–8 (–30) mm. Flowers 1–15 (–25); dorsal sepal 15–31 × 5–18 mm; lateral sepals reflexed distally, 13–26 × 5–16 mm, apex apiculate to acuminate; petals 15–28 × 4–14 mm; lip 11–23 mm, dilated end of middle lobe same color as rest of flower (except for brushlike lamellae patch), typically anvil-shaped, seldom triangular or reniform, 9–21 mm wide; column 12–25 × 1–2 mm, distal end 6–10 mm wide; rostellum usually present. Capsules 13–30 × 5–10 mm. 2n = 26, 40, 42.


Phenology: Flowering Nov (s Fla)–Aug (north).
Habitat: Acidic soils in fens, bogs, pine and oak savannas, grasslands, interdune swales
Elevation: 0–1200 m

Distribution

V26 1225-distribution-map.jpg

St. Pierre and Miquelon, Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.), N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Ala., Ark., Conn., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis.

Discussion

At the northeastern edge of the range, tiny plants 4–20 cm have 1–5 deep magenta flowers, lips 13–18 mm with pale trichomes, and leaves 30–110 × 5–30 mm; they have been considered to be Calopogon tuberosus var. latifolius (H. St. John) B. Boivin. The variety has been reported in coastal bogs from Nova Scotia, the Magdalen Islands in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Sable Island off Nova Scotia, Newfoundland, and Great Wass Island in the Gulf of Maine (C. A. Luer 1975; P. M. Catling and Z. Lucas 1987; L. M. Eastman 1988). Catling and Lucas found that plants corresponding to C. tuberosus var. latifolius represented the end of a continuum of variation and recommended against the recognition of the variety; those results were corroborated by DNA data (D. H. Goldman 2000). In contrast to the plants in the northeastern range, plants in the southern range of this variety can exceed 1 m in height and produce flowers close to 5 cm diameter.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
42 +, 40 +  and 26 +
green +  and crimson +
self-pollination +
15mm;28mm +
apiculate +  and acuminate +
4mm +  and 14mm +
Douglas H. Goldman +, Lawrence K. Magrath +  and Paul M. Catling +
(Linnaeus) Britton +
Limodorum tuberosum +
indehiscent +
conduplicate +  and plicate +
3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br />) +
elliptic-lanceolate +, lanceolate +, linear +  and curled +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br />) +
1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
ovoid +  and ellipsoid +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
persistent +
12mm +  and 25mm +
1mm +  and 2mm +
Calopogon tubéreux +
Globose (?) +  and Elongate (?) +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (3.1 cm31 mm <br />0.031 m <br />) +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
St. Pierre and Miquelon +, Man. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.) +, N.S. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Conn. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Ky. +, La. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Vt. +, Va. +, W.Va. +  and Wis. +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (3.1 cm31 mm <br />0.031 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
0–1200 m +
anvil-shaped +
reniform +, triangular +  and dilated +
9mm;21mm +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
pink +  and white +
fragrant +
not resupinate +
obconic;ellipsoid;obconic;ellipsoid;cylindric +
Acidic soils in fens, bogs, pine and oak savannas, grasslands, interdune swales +
scapose +  and 1-25-flowered +
green;purple;green +
lateral +  and terminal +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (135 cm1,350 mm <br />1.35 m <br />) +
rounded +  and triangular +
1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br /> (2.6 cm26 mm <br />0.026 m <br />) +
falcate +, ovate +  and lanceolate +
duplicate +, convolute +, whorled +, opposite +, distichous +  and alternate +
cauline +  and basal +
reduced +
3-lobed +
larger +
1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br /> (2.3 cm23 mm <br />0.023 m <br />) +
differing in form and color +
1-many-flowered +  and cymose +
pendent +  and erect +
15mm;28mm +
clawed;pandurate;oblanceolate;lanceolate;oblanceolate;lanceolate;elliptic;ovate;linear +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br />) +
Flowering Nov (s Fla)–Aug (north). +
orange +  and magenta +
filiform +  and clavellate +
Prelim. Cat., +
aerial +  and subterranean +
0.5mm +  and 2mm +
minute +
free +, distinct +, adnate +  and connate +
foliaceous +
not +  and alike +
Illustrated +
branched +, or +  and simple +
pendent +  and erect +
proliferous +
thickened +  and stout +
concave +  and convex +
Calopogon pulchellus +, Calopogon pulchellus var. latifolius +, Calopogon tuberosus var. latifolius +, Cathea pulchella +, Cathea tuberosa +, Cymbidium pulchellum +, Helleborine tuberosa +, Limodorum barbatum +, Limodorum pulchellum +  and Limodorum tuberosum var. nanum +
Calopogon tuberosus var. tuberosus +
Calopogon tuberosus +
variety +
sympodial +  and scapose +
110 cm1,100 mm <br />1.1 m <br /> (135 cm1,350 mm <br />1.35 m <br />) +
aquatic +, lithophytic +, terrestrial +  and epiphytic +
saprophytic +, photosynthetic +  and mycotrophic +