Calopogon tuberosus

(Linnaeus) Britton

Prelim. Cat., 52. 1888.

Illustrated
Basionym: Limodorum tuberosum Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 950. 1753
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 600. Mentioned on page 598, 599, 601, 602.

Plants 4–110 (–135) cm. Corms globose to elongate, not forked, 8–31 mm. Leaves not appressed to inflorescences at flowering; blade linear, lanceolate, or seldom elliptic-lanceolate, 2–50 cm × 2–35 (–50) mm, margins slightly to strongly curled transversely. Inflorescences green or slightly purple at base, becoming entirely green after flowering, 4–135 cm; floral bracts ovate to ovatelanceolate, subulate, 3–30 mm. Flowers 1–25, opening sequentially, magenta, pink, to white, faintly fragrant; dorsal sepal oblanceolate, 15–31 × 5–18 mm, apex acuminate; lateral sepals occasionally reflexed distally, ovate to lanceolate, slightly falcate, 13–26 × 5–16 mm, apex apiculate to acuminate; petals obpandurate to seldom elliptic, slightly falcate, 15–28 × 4–14 mm, apex obtuse; lip 11–23 mm, middle lobe with dilated end typically anvil-shaped, seldom triangular, 5.5–21 mm wide; column 12–25 × 1–2 mm, distal end 4.5–10 mm wide; rostellum present or absent; stigma at angle to column surface. Capsules ovoid to ellipsoid, 13–30 × 5–10 mm. 2n = 26, 40, 42.

Distribution

V26 1224-distribution-map.jpg

e North America, West Indies (Bahamas), West Indies (Cuba)

Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

Calopogon tuberosus is the most variable and widespread species in the the genus. It occurs from Manitoba and Newfoundland south to Texas, Florida, the Bahamas, and Cuba.

Calopogon tuberosus can be distinguished from other species in the genus where sympatric by its relatively robust size and elongated lip with wide, anvil-shaped dilated distal end. Plants with a triangular-shaped middle lip lobe are uncommon in the south and occur toward the northern part of the range, and those with long but narrowed lips occur in C. tuberosus var. simpsonii, the latter plants generally being much larger and occurring in a different habitat than all other species of Calopogon.

Selected References

None.

Key

1 Leaf blade slightly curled transversely; dilated distal portion of middle lip lobe broadly expanded and not whitened except in entirely white flowers; acidic wetlands. Calopogon tuberosus var. tuberosus
1 Leaf blade strongly curled transversely; dilated distal portion of middle lip lobe narrowly to widely expanded, whitened; wet, alkaline savannas. Calopogon tuberosus var. simpsonii
... more about "Calopogon tuberosus"
42 +, 40 +  and 26 +
green +  and crimson +
self-pollination +
15mm;28mm +
obtuse +, falcate +, apiculate +  and acuminate +
4mm +  and 14mm +
Douglas H. Goldman +, Lawrence K. Magrath +  and Paul M. Catling +
(Linnaeus) Britton +
Limodorum tuberosum +
indehiscent +
conduplicate +  and plicate +
3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br />) +
elliptic-lanceolate +, lanceolate +  and linear +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br />) +
1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
ovoid +  and ellipsoid +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
persistent +
12mm +  and 25mm +
1mm +  and 2mm +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (3.1 cm31 mm <br />0.031 m <br />) +
0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
e North America +, West Indies (Bahamas) +  and West Indies (Cuba) +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (3.1 cm31 mm <br />0.031 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
anvil--shaped +  and dilated +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
pink +  and white +
fragrant +
not resupinate +
obconic;ellipsoid;obconic;ellipsoid;cylindric +
scapose +  and 1-25-flowered +
green;purple;green +
lateral +  and terminal +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (135 cm1,350 mm <br />1.35 m <br />) +
rounded +  and triangular +
1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br /> (2.6 cm26 mm <br />0.026 m <br />) +
falcate +, ovate +  and lanceolate +
duplicate +, convolute +, whorled +, opposite +, distichous +  and alternate +
cauline +  and basal +
reduced +
3-lobed +
larger +
1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br /> (2.3 cm23 mm <br />0.023 m <br />) +
differing in form and color +
1-many-flowered +  and cymose +
pendent +  and erect +
clawed;pandurate;oblanceolate;lanceolate;oblanceolate;lanceolate;elliptic;ovate;linear +
orange +  and magenta +
filiform +  and clavellate +
Prelim. Cat., +
aerial +  and subterranean +
0.5mm +  and 2mm +
minute +
free +, distinct +, adnate +  and connate +
foliaceous +
not +  and alike +
Illustrated +
branched +, or +  and simple +
pendent +  and erect +
proliferous +
thickened +  and stout +
concave +  and convex +
Calopogon tuberosus +
Calopogon +
species +
sympodial +  and scapose +
110 cm1,100 mm <br />1.1 m <br /> (135 cm1,350 mm <br />1.35 m <br />) +
aquatic +, lithophytic +, terrestrial +  and epiphytic +
saprophytic +, photosynthetic +  and mycotrophic +