Bromus caroli-henrici

Synonyms: Bromus alopecuros
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 233.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: Cindy Roché

Copyright: Utah State University

Plants annual. Culms 10-40 cm, erect or ascending. Lower sheaths densely retrorsely villous-pubescent, upper sheaths glabrous; ligules 0.5-1 mm, glabrous, truncate, dentate or lacerate; blades 5-20 cm long, 1.5-4 mm wide, pilose, sparingly pubescent, or subglabrous. Panicles 6-15 cm long, 1-2 cm wide, racemose, dense, strongly contracted, stiffly erect; branches shorter than the spikelets, stiff, erect, straight. Spikelets 17-45 mm long, 4-7 mm wide, narrowly oblong or lanceolate, terete to moderately laterally compressed, usually 1 per node; florets (4) 8-12, bases concealed at maturity; rachilla internodes concealed at maturity. Glumes glabrous or puberulent; lower glumes 7-9 mm, 3-veined, upper glumes 8-11 mm, 5-7-veined; lemmas 11-15 (17) mm long, 3-5 mm wide, lanceolate, glabrous or pubescent, 9-veined, rounded over the midvein, margins bluntly angled, not inrolled at maturity, apices and teeth acuminate, teeth shorter than 1 mm; awns 12-20 mm, strongly divaricate at maturity, flattened and often basally twisted, arising 1.5 mm or more below the lemma apices; anthers 0.75-1.5 mm. Caryopses equaling or shorter than the paleas, thin, weakly inrolled or flat. 2n = 14, 28.

Discussion

Bromus caroli-henrici is native to Mediterranean Europe. In the Flora region, it grows in open, disturbed areas in Butte and Yolo counties, California. It has been misidentified as B. alopecuros Poir. It differs in having 1, rather than 2-3, spikelets at the rachis nodes, and acuminate, rather than broadly triangular, lemma teeth.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Bromus caroli-henrici"
membranous +  and scarious +
0.075 cm0.75 mm <br />7.5e-4 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
awned +  and entire +
acuminate +
Leon E. Pavlickf +
divaricate +
3 (?) +  and 0 (?) +
flexuous +  and straight +
distinct +
subterminal +  and terminal +
flattened +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
swelling +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br />) +
not evident +
subglabrous +, pubescent +  and pilose +
cross +, linear +  and narrowly lanceolate +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
spikelike +
not branching +
ascending +  and erect +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br />) +
not woody +
Conn. +, Mass. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, Calif. +, Del. +, N.C. +, Va. +, W.Va. +, Vt. +, D.C +, Wis. +, Colo. +, Kans. +, Nebr. +, Okla. +, Idaho +, Mont. +, Oreg. +, Wash. +, Wyo. +, Pacific Islands (Hawaii) +, N.Mex. +, Utah +, Maine +, R.I. +, Fla. +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Ariz. +, Ga. +, Iowa +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Ky. +, La. +, Md. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Mo. +, Miss. +, N.Dak. +, Nev. +, Ohio +, Pa. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Alaska +, S.C. +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Greenland +, Man. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. +, N.S. +, N.W.T. +, Nunavut +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +  and Yukon +
liquid +, soft +  and hard +
capillary +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
8 +  and 12 +
terete +  and laterally compressed +
1-9(11)-veined +
always shorter +  and usually shorter +
lanceolate +
subtending +
puberulent +  and glabrous +
mucronate +  and acute +
unequal +
uncinate +
solid +  and hollow +
1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
rounded +  and lanceolate +
herbaceous +  and coriaceous +
3mm +  and 5mm +
lacerate +  and dentate +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
lanceolate +
fleshy +  and membranous +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 1 +
hairy +  and glabrous +
well-developed +
reduced +
6cm +  and 15cm +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
dry +  and fleshy +
converging +  and parallel +
1.7 cm17 mm <br />0.017 m <br /> (4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br />) +
not viviparous +
lanceolate terete +  and moderately laterally compressed +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
4mm +  and 7mm +
1 +  and 3 +
simple +  and compound +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Bromus alopecuros +
Bromus caroli-henrici +
Bromus sect. Bromus +
species +
membranous +
acuminate +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br />) +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +