Atrichum angustatum

(Bridel) Bruch & Schimper

Bryol. Europ. 4: 237. 1844,.

Basionym: Polytrichum angustatum Bridel Muscol. Recent., suppl. 1: 79. 1806
Synonyms: Atrichum angustatum var. plurilamellatum (Jennings) Frye Atrichum macmillanii (Jennings) Frye Atrichum papillosum (Müller Hal.) A. Jaeger & Sauerbeck Atrichum xanthopelma
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 150. Mentioned on page 148, 149, 153.

Plants small, dull yellowish green, sometimes with a reddish cast. Stems 1–2 cm. Leaves 4–8 × 0.4–0.8 mm, narrowly ligulate to oblong-lanceolate above, concave, strongly undulate, with prominent teeth in oblique rows on abaxial surface corresponding to the undulations, margins with mostly double teeth; costa subpercurrent, toothed on the back above; lamellae 6–9 (–12), with wavy margins, 5–10 (–15) cells high, widely spreading and covering much of the leaf surface; median cells of lamina 8–17 (–19) µm wide, ± isodiametric with firm walls, bulging-mammillose on adaxial surface, usually with prominent minute, rounded or striate papillae, especially on the abaxial surface. Sexual condition dioicous; male plants about same size or smaller than females, the perigonial bracts broad, forming conspicuous antheridial buds, often with more than one bud in sequence per plant. Seta 1–3 cm, erect, typically 1 per perichaetium. Capsule 3–7 × 0.3–0.6 mm, narrowly cylindric, usually ± straight to somewhat curved, suberect or inclined. Spores 11–16 µm.


Phenology: Capsules mature spring–summer (Apr–Jul).
Habitat: Exposed soil banks along roads and trails in woods
Elevation: low to moderate elevations

Distribution

V27 184-distribution-map.gif

Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.), N.S., Ont., Que., Ala., Ark., Conn., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Mo., Nebr., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis., w Europe

Discussion

Atrichum angustatum is a small, dioicous species, easily distinguished by its narrow, channeled leaves with numerous, tall, wavy lamellae, and small, ± isodiametric, bulging-mammillose, papillose leaf cells. A characteristic habitat for this species is mounds of subsoil thrown up by the roots of fallen trees. All Atrichum species develop cuticular papillae to some degree, but in no case are they as evident as in this species. Plants growing in more humid situations tend to be less strongly papillose. The distinction between A. angustatum, with smooth cells, and A. xanthopelma and A. macmillanii, with papillose cells, is without merit. The leaves of the type of A. angustatum (from South Carolina) are strongly papillose.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"broadened" is not a number."narrower" is not a number.

... more about "Atrichum angustatum"
prominent +
Gary L. Smith Merrill +  and Robert R. Ireland Jr. +
(Bridel) Bruch & Schimper +
Polytrichum angustatum +
straight;arcuate +
abrupt +, crisped +  and undulate +
firm-textured +
overlapping +
conspicuous +
not pitted +
monoicous +, dioicous +, sexual +  and vegetative +
elongate-rectangular +
sparsely ciliate;smooth +
hispid +  and smooth +
cucullate +
curved +, straight to somewhat +  and straight +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
inclined;suberect +
cylindric +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br />) +
subpercurrent +
toothed +
undifferentiated +
conspicuous +
Man. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.) +, N.S. +, Ont. +, Que. +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Conn. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mo. +, Nebr. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Vt. +, Va. +, W.Va. +, Wis. +  and w Europe +
low to moderate elevations +
scabrous +, mammillose +  and smooth +
Exposed soil banks along roads and trails in woods +
delimited +  and indistinct +
photosynthetic +
6 +  and 9 +
serrate +, crenulate +  and serrulate +
long-rectangular +
toothed +  and undulate +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
undulate +, concave +  and oblong-lanceolate +
membranous +
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br />) +
1(-3)-stratose +
cuticular-papillose +  and smooth +
shape +  and size +
with minute rounded to striate papillae +  and smooth +
bulging-mammillose +
dioicous +  and sexual +
8um +  and 17um +
usually narrower and longer +
pigmented +  and pale +
Capsules mature spring–summer (Apr–Jul). +
Bryol. Europ. +
underground +
not differentiated +
straight +  and flexuose +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
differentiated +
larger +  and minute +
branched +  and simple +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
Atrichum angustatum var. plurilamellatum +, Atrichum macmillanii +, Atrichum papillosum +  and Atrichum xanthopelma +
Atrichum angustatum +
Atrichum +
species +
compound +  and simple +
unjointed +
smaller than females +  and small +