Alopecurus aequalis

Sobol.
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 784.

Plants perennial; cespitose. Culms 9-75 cm, erect or decumbent. Ligules 2-6.5 mm, obtuse; blades 2-10 cm long, 1-5 (8) mm wide; upper sheaths not inflated. Panicles 1-9 cm long, 3-9 mm wide. Glumes 1.8-3.7 mm, connate near the base, membranous, pubescent on the sides, keels not winged, ciliate, apices obtuse, sometimes erose, pale green, occasionally purplish; lemmas 1.5-2.5 (3.5) mm, connate in the lower 1/3-1/2, glabrous, apices obtuse, awns 0.7-3 mm, straight, exceeding the lemmas by 0-2.5 mm; anthers 0.5-1.2 mm, usually pale to deep yellow or orange, rarely purple. Caryopses 1-1.8 mm. 2n = 14, 28.

Distribution

Minn., Wash., Del., Wis., Ariz., Calif., Conn., Ill., Ind., Kans., Ky., Mass., Md., Maine, Mich., Mo., Mont., N.Dak., Nebr., N.Y., Oreg., Pa., S.Dak., Tenn., Utah, Va., Wyo., Alta., B.C., Greenland, Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr., N.S., N.W.T., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Yukon, N.H., N.J., N.Mex., Nev., Colo., Alaska, Vt., Iowa, Idaho, Ohio

Discussion

Alopecurus aequalis is native to temperate zones of the Northern Hemisphere. It generally grows in wet meadows, forest openings, shores, springs, and along streams, as well as in ditches, along roadsides, and in other disturbed sites, from sea level to subalpine elevations.

Alopecurus aequalis is the most widespread and variable species of Alopecurus in the Flora region. Despite its variability, the only phenotype meriting formal recognition is that found in the low marshes of Marin and Sonoma counties, California. Some high elevation plants of the Sierra Nevada have unusually long awns (exserted by up to 1.5 mm) and anthocyanic spikelets but, like the semi-aquatic ecotype A. aequalis var. natans (Wahlenb.) Fernald, they do not warrant taxonomic recognition.

Alopecurus xhaussknechtianus Asch. & Graebn. is a hybrid between A. aequalis and A. geniculatus, which occurs fairly frequently in areas of sympatry, particularly in drier midcontinental areas from Alberta to Saskatchewan, south to Arizona and New Mexico. The hybrids are sterile and apparently have 2n = 14.

Selected References

None.

Key

1 Panicles 3-6 mm wide; glumes 1.8-3 mm long; awns not exceeding the lemmas or exceeding them by less than 1 mm; anthers 0.5-0.9 mm long Alopecurus aequalis var. aequalis
1 Panicles 4—9 mm wide; glumes to 3.7 mm long; awns exceeding the lemmas by 1-2.5 mm; anthers 1-1.2 mm long Alopecurus aequalis var. sonotnensis

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Alopecurus aequalis"
membranous +  and scarious +
usually pale +  and deep yellow or orange +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
purplish +  and pale green +
straight +
1/3 +  and 1/2 +
William J. Crins +
Sobol. +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
straight +
basal +  and terminal +
0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
midlength +
swelling +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
not evident +
scabrous +  and glabrous +
involute +  and flat +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
spikelike +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (?) +
not branching +
solitary +  and clumped +
decumbent +  and erect +
9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br /> (75 cm750 mm <br />0.75 m <br />) +
not woody +
Minn. +, Wash. +, Del. +, Wis. +, Ariz. +, Calif. +, Conn. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Kans. +, Ky. +, Mass. +, Md. +, Maine +, Mich. +, Mo. +, Mont. +, N.Dak. +, Nebr. +, N.Y. +, Oreg. +, Pa. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Utah +, Va. +, Wyo. +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Greenland +, Man. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. +, N.S. +, N.W.T. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Yukon +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Mex. +, Nev. +, Colo. +, Alaska +, Vt. +, Iowa +, Idaho +  and Ohio +
1/4 +  and 1/3 +
liquid +, soft +  and hard +
capillary +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
sterile +  and bisexual +
compressed +
reduced +
shorter or longer +
unequal +
0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br /> (0.37 cm3.7 mm <br />0.0037 m <br />) +
membranous +
exceeding the florets +  and equaling +
narrowing +
uncinate +
capitate +  and cylindrical +
obtuse +  and acute or shortly awned +
1-7(9)-veined +
lanceolate +  and ovate +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
membranous +
glabrous +  and puberulent +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.65 cm6.5 mm <br />0.0065 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
lanceolate +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 1 +
well-developed +
2-keeled +
reduced +
1cm +  and 9cm +
spikelike +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
dry +  and fleshy +
not prolonged +
1 +  and 60 +
oval +  and compressed +
0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
simple +  and compound +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Gramineae +
Alopecurus aequalis +
Alopecurus +
species +
membranous +
not inflated +
parallel +  and converging +
plant +  and cespitose +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +