Agalinis decemloba

(Greene) Pennell

Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40: 434. 1913.

Common names: Ten-lobed false foxglove
EndemicConservation concern
Basionym: Gerardia decemloba Greene Pittonia 4: 51, plate 9. 1899
Synonyms: Agalinis acuta Pennell G. acuta (Pennell) Pennell
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 540. Mentioned on page 535, 538, 541, 549, 554.

Stems simple or branched, 6–60 cm; branches ascending to spreading, quadrangular-ridged, wingless distally, glabrous or sparsely scabridulous. Leaves ascending to spreading; blade linear-filiform to linear, (6–) 8–25 x 0.4–1.5 mm, margins entire, often siliceous, adaxial surface finely scabrous; axillary fascicles absent. Inflorescences racemes, short-to-elongate, interrupted, flowers 1 or 2 per node; bracts usually shorter than, sometimes both shorter and longer than, pedicels. Pedicels ascending to moreorless spreading, (3–) 6–26 mm, glabrous. Flowers: calyx obconic to hemispheric, tube (1.3–) 2–4.5 (–5.5) mm, glabrous, lobes subulate to triangular, (0.2–) 0.5–1.5 (–2) mm; corollas pale-pink to pink, usually with 2 yellow lines and red spots in abaxial throat, (5–) 6–14.5 mm, throat pilose externally and villous within across bases and sinus of adaxial lobes, lobes: abaxial spreading, adaxial erect to recurved, (2–) 3–6 (–7) mm, glabrous externally; proximal anthers parallel to filaments, distal perpendicular to filaments, pollen-sacs 0.8–2.2 mm; style exserted, (5–) 7–12 mm. Capsules ovoid, 3.5–5 mm. Seeds yellowish tan, 0.3–1.2 mm. 2n = 26.


Phenology: Flowering Aug–mid Oct.
Habitat: Sand plain grasslands, dry prairie remnants, dry roadsides, cemeteries, margins and openings in mesic to dry mixed woodlands, serpentine grasslands.
Elevation: 0–700 m.

Distribution

Ala., Conn., D.C., Ky., Md., Mass., N.Y., N.C., Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Va.

Discussion

J. B. Pettengill and M. C. Neel (2011) provided morphological and molecular evidence that showed Agalinis decemloba and A. acuta are conspecific. Their data also indicated that A. tenella is most closely related to A. decemloba (including A. acuta) and may merit infraspecific status within A. decemloba. The authors maintain A. tenella based on morphological characters that include: larger corollas with proportionally larger recurved lobes; larger anthers; longer styles and stigma; and larger plants with many laxly spreading branches than A. decemloba. Agalinis decemloba is rare, and populations show extreme variation in numbers of plants produced per year. The authors agree with Pettengill and Neel that A. decemloba, as circumscribed here to include the federally listed endangered A. acuta, is threatened and deserves protection. Study of a population of A. decemloba (as A. acuta) in Massachusetts showed these plants were self-compatible (Neel 2002). Agalinis decemloba is distinguished from A. obtusifolia by the following characteristics: stems and branches flexible and drying green versus stiff and drying stramineous, leaves linear to linear-filiform versus linear-elliptic to spatulate, bracts shorter than to slightly longer than pedicels versus much shorter than pedicels, calyx lobes subulate to triangular versus deltate, and corollas usually with two yellow lines and red spots in abaxial throat versus two yellow lines and pink spots absent or pale in abaxial throat.

Agalinis decemloba is in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Agalinis decemloba"
rounded +  and gibbous +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
erect +  and recurved +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
Judith M. Canne-Hilliker† +  and John F. Hays +
(Greene) Pennell +
Gerardia decemloba +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
linear-filiform;linear +
fleshy +, rigid +  and not leathery +
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
ascending +  and spreading +
scabridulous +
quadrangular-ridged +
obconic +  and hemispheric +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Ten-lobed false foxglove +
bilabiate +  and symmetric +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
red spots +, pale-pink +  and pink +
subrotate +, cylindric +, club--shaped +, salverform +, campanulate +  and tubular +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (1.45 cm14.5 mm <br />0.0145 m <br />) +
Ala. +, Conn. +, D.C. +, Ky. +, Md. +, Mass. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +  and Va. +
0–700 m. +
glabrate +  and lanate +
2 +  and 1 +
indehiscent +, septicidal +, loculicidal +  and dehiscence +
Sand plain grasslands, dry prairie remnants, dry roadsides, cemeteries, margins and openings in mesic to dry mixed woodlands, serpentine grasslands. +
axillary +  and terminal +
alternate +, subopposite +  and opposite +
deciduous +
ascending +  and spreading +
yellow;yellow;yellow +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
subulate +  and triangular +
2-pinnatifid +, pinnatifid +  and cleft +
tenuinucellate +  and unitegmic +
campylotropous-like +
spikelike +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
ascending +  and more or less spreading +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (2.6 cm26 mm <br />0.026 m <br />) +
Flowering Aug–mid Oct. +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> (0.22 cm2.2 mm <br />0.0022 m <br />) +
Bull. Torrey Bot. Club +
spikelike +
yellowish tan +
60 +  and 600 +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
Endemic +  and Conservation concern +
subequal +
branched +  and simple +
aerial +  and subterranean +
leaning +  and erect +
sericeous +, glabrate +, hispid +  and glabrous +
papillate +  and scabridulous +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
Agalinis acuta +  and G. acuta +
Agalinis decemloba +
Agalinis +
species +
villous +  and pilose +
campanulate +
0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br /> (0.55 cm5.5 mm <br />0.0055 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
perennial +  and annual +